Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the prostate gland.It can be infectious or non-infectious in nature.Regardless of the form of the disease, complex treatment of prostatitis is necessary, including drug and non-drug therapy.
Types of prostatitis and treatment
Due to the development, infectious and non-infectious prostatitis are distinguished.
The infectious disease is caused by the activity of pathogenic agents that cause inflammation of the prostate.Depending on the type of pathogen, bacterial or fungal inflammation is distinguished.The disease can be caused both by the activity of opportunistic microorganisms, which are always present in a man's body, and by sexually transmitted infections, for example, chlamydia or trichomonas.
The disease develops against the background of reduced immunity.In most cases, this type of prostatitis is caused by opportunistic microorganisms, for example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus.A healthy body is able to suppress infection, but inflammation develops against the background of decreased immunity.
Non-infectious prostatitis is a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle.Its development is caused by overload in the pelvic organs - impaired blood circulation, lymphatic flow or stagnation of prostate secretions.Factors that provoke the development of this form of inflammation:
- hypothermia;
- decreased immunity;
- physical inactivity;
- obesity;
- irregular sex life.
It is believed that congestive prostatitis is a disease of office workers.The disease develops against the background of physical inactivity, as a result of which the metabolism decreases and the trophism of the prostate is disrupted.
A man's sex life plays an important role in the development of congestive prostatitis.Lack of sexual activity leads to a decrease in the tone of the prostate gland and stagnation of secretions.This provokes swelling of the organ and the development of inflammation.At the same time, excessive sexual activity (more than 2-3 sexual acts per day) leads to the depletion of the organ and can also cause the development of the disease.
According to the nature of the flow, prostatitis is divided into acute and chronic.The acute form is characterized by a worsening of specific symptoms, including:
- frequent urge to urinate;
- pain and burning in the urethra;
- bladder spasm;
- pain in the perineum;
- erectile dysfunction.
The process of urination is accompanied by severe pain in the urethra, which is caused by the compression of the urethra by the enlarged prostate.
Acute prostatitis can be treated quite successfully with timely administration of adequate drug therapy.In the absence of proper treatment, it becomes chronic.This disease is associated with a weakening of a man's sexual function and various disorders of the urinary system.
Chronic prostatitis can be either infectious or non-infectious.In both cases, it is characterized by periodic exacerbations, during which the symptoms become acute.Worsening of the disease is mainly associated with a decrease in immunity.
An integrated approach to treatment
Before starting treatment, the patient must undergo all examinations to identify the type of inflammatory process and the type of pathogen.To do this, an analysis of prostate secretion is performed, an ultrasound and an MRI of the organ are performed.
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes:
- drug therapy;
- increasing immunity;
- physiotherapeutic methods;
- diet therapy;
- lifestyle change.
Drug therapy depends on the form of the disease.For infectious inflammation, the main line of treatment is antibacterial drugs.Their selection is based on the results of the prostate analysis.
For non-infectious prostatitis in the acute phase, anti-inflammatory drugs are used for symptomatic treatment.The main part of the therapy is carried out with drugs that normalize the functioning of the organ.
Complex treatment of prostatitis necessarily includes taking medications to improve immunity.These can be either local agents (rectal suppositories) or immunomodulators in tablets.The choice of drugs is made only by a doctor.
For bacterial prostatitis, the basis of treatment is to fight infections;for stagnant prostatitis, it is to improve the functionality of the gland.
Antibacterial therapy
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis begins with drugs to relieve symptoms, which normalize the function of the prostate and improve well-being.For infectious prostatitis, the basis of therapy is antibiotics.
The following groups of drugs are used for treatment:
- penicillins;
- tetracycline;
- macrolides;
- fluoroquinolones.
Penicillins and tetracyclines are rarely used in urological practice due to the low effectiveness of treatment and a large number of side effects.Pathogenic microorganisms that provoke the inflammatory process quickly develop resistance to the action of drugs of this group, which negatively affects the therapeutic effect of drugs.
However, a fairly good result is achieved by taking combined drugs.
In most cases, macrolide medications are prescribed.Their advantages lie in a wide spectrum of action, good tolerance by organisms and high bioavailability, due to which the components of the drug penetrate the prostate tissue.
Recently, doctors increasingly prefer drugs from the fluoroquinolone group.These are broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs that have a number of advantages over conventional antibiotics.
Since fluoroquinolones, unlike antibiotics, are completely synthetic drugs that have no natural analogues, treatment with these drugs is more effective due to the lack of development of resistance in pathogens.
Fluoroquinolones quickly penetrate the prostate tissue, are well tolerated by the body and rarely cause side effects.Most often, doctors prescribe drugs containing levofloxacin.Therapy lasts at least 28 days, the drug is taken 1-2 tablets.The exact dose and dosage regimen is chosen by the doctor individually.In some cases, intramuscular administration of the drug may be prescribed, in which case the course of treatment is reduced.
Anti-inflammatory medications
For the complex treatment of chronic prostatitis of a non-infectious nature, anti-inflammatory drugs are used.
Such medications have a symptomatic effect, eliminating pain and stopping the inflammatory process.It is advisable to prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs in suppositories - thanks to this form of release, the active substance enters the tissue of the prostate gland directly.
For infectious inflammation, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed in short courses to relieve symptoms, but for non-infectious prostatitis they constitute the main line of treatment, since antibiotics are not used for this form of the disease.
For the treatment of congestive prostatitis, bioactive drugs are often used to normalize the functioning of the prostate.
As a rule, these are preparations based on extracts from the prostate gland of young bulls.The drug improves prostate trophism, relieves inflammation and reduces swelling.For non-infectious prostatitis, it is used for a long course to treat inflammation.For bacterial inflammation of the prostate, this drug is indicated to restore the functioning of the organ after antibiotic therapy.
For congestive prostatitis, suppositories with propolis and bee products, ichthyol or pumpkin oil are often prescribed.Such medications are aimed at normalizing prostate trophism, have an anti-inflammatory effect and increase local immunity.
Drugs to increase immunity
During the complex treatment of prostatitis, the prostate gland is exposed to various medications.To avoid re-development of the disease after a course of treatment, a number of measures to increase immunity are indicated.
For this purpose, it is described:
- preparations with zinc;
- tablets with echinacea extract;
- vitamin complex;
- vitamin E.
For the normal functioning of the prostate gland, zinc, selenium and vitamin E are needed. Urologists often prescribe bioactive dietary supplements high in these substances.
It is also recommended to take a course of vitamins specially designed for men.Such drugs contain a complex of substances aimed at normalizing the functioning of the genitourinary system.
To reduce the risk of exacerbations and recovery after antibacterial therapy, injections of echinacea extract are prescribed, but this medicine is no less effective in the form of tablets.
For chronic prostatitis, a vitamin complex should be taken twice a year to reduce the risk of irritation.
Physiotherapy and massage
For chronic prostatitis, physiotherapy is prescribed to eliminate congestion.Acupuncture, current and magnetic methods of influence, darsonvalization are usually used.For bacterial inflammation, such methods are not used, as they can provoke the spread of pathogenic agents throughout the body through the bloodstream.
If prostate trophism is impaired, rectal massage is indicated.Such procedures are performed by a qualified specialist - a urologist or proctologist.The massage course varies from 10 to 15 procedures.
Physiotherapy stimulates blood circulation in the pelvic organs, eliminates lymph stagnation and normalizes the output of prostate secretions.A course of procedures allows you to restore the normal functioning of the organ and has a positive effect on strength.
Surgical treatment
Surgical treatment of prostatitis is performed only in case of complications.
With infectious prostatitis, the formation of a prostate abscess is possible.This requires immediate hospitalization of the patient and manipulation, during which the abscess is opened and its contents are removed.
With chronic prostatitis, narrowing of the urethra is possible, which leads to acute retention of urine.In this case, surgery is performed and a catheter is placed to remove the urine.In addition, in severe cases of the disease, fibrosis can develop, as a result of which marks appear on the prostate tissue.In this case, an operation is performed during which the areas of compression are removed using a laser.
Lifestyle and nutrition
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes changing lifestyle, normalizing nutrition and giving up bad habits.The diet for prostate inflammation is not strict, but excludes any fast food, semi-finished products and smoked foods.Alcohol and smoking should be avoided.
You should include foods that are good for men's health in your diet:
- avocado;
- pumpkin seed oil and olives;
- nuts and honey;
- citrus fruits;
- pumpkin seeds;
- fermented milk products.
If you have congestive prostate, you should exercise regularly.Physical activity should aim to normalize blood circulation in the lower part of the body.
An important role is played by the patient's sex life.If you have prostatitis, you need regular sex, at least 3 times a week.At the same time, excessive sexual activity is unacceptable, as it depletes the prostate.
Otherwise, adequate drug therapy, proper nutrition and giving up bad habits will help you get rid of prostatitis.However, after inflammation, a man is recommended to visit a urologist every year and undergo a comprehensive examination of the prostate gland.